Essay on Talking Styles

Essay on Talking Styles Essay on Talking Styles Essay on Talking StylesA novel approach to assessing whether people are paying significant attention to each other is language matching. According to the findings of the research team headed by James Pennebaker and Molly Ireland, the degree of similarity in the patterns of use of function words (such as pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, negations and articles) is a significant predictor of the attentiveness of people towards each other (Science News, 2010). Experimental data prove that the chances for romantic relationships and for generally good connection between people increase in the presence of strong language matching.According to Pennebaker (2014), language matching score can be used to estimate the quality of interpersonal communications. Language matching score is a number ranging from 0.5 to 1, where score of 0.5 denotes the lowest degree of language matching and 1 denotes the highest degree of language matching (Pennebaker, 2014). Pennebaker (2014) states that higher l anguage style matching scores are associated with higher quality of relationships as well as higher longevity.For assessing language style matching, I selected an everyday conversation with the help of instant messages between me and my colleague with whom we were volunteering together. Our gender is the same, and I am 10 years younger. In general, we went along quite well and it was expected that the language matching score would be high. However, the resulting language matching score was only 0.62, which is below average. According to Pennebaker (2014), typical language matching scores fall in the range between 0.75 and 0.95, with average score being 0.84. In my opinion, the resulting language matching score was too low; most likely, it was decreased by the differences in age and social status. However, these factors did not have a significant impact on getting along with the colleague; therefore, the results of language matching are notably biased.The degree of language matching depends on a variety of factors such as age and social position of the people participating in the conversation, their relatedness, the type of communication analyzed, the genre of communication chosen by every person, etc. Therefore, it cannot be viewed as a direct predictor of the quality of interpersonal relationships.According to Cigoli Gennari (2010), language style score is rather a marker of social engagement as a marker of attraction between people. In particular, people who are intensively arguing with each other are likely to have similar language styles (Science News, 2010). Furthermore, people from similar background are likely to have similar language styles even if their personalities are quite different and if they do not get along well. Hence, language matching reflects rather the extent of social similarity between people rather than the level of attraction between them (Cigoli Gennari, 2010).In my opinion, language style matching is one of the factors which might influence the quality of interpersonal relationships. The use of language and the similarity of meanings that people put into their words play an important role in the process of building relationships. The smoother the communication between people is, the easier it will be for them to understand each other and to build a connection.At the same time, language style matching should not be viewed as a definitive predictor of the quality of interpersonal relationships. In other words, if two people have low language style matching scores, this does not necessarily mean that they are not paying attention to each other or that they cannot build a relationship. The couples where the spouses are of different origin and speak different languages can be used to illustrate the idea that language matching is not the core variable for building relationships.Although research shows that it is in general more difficult for such couples to understand each other (Cigoli Gennari, 2010), there do e xist successful examples showing that the presence of shared values, goals and feelings for each other is more fundamental for relationships than language style matching. Therefore, language style matching score can be viewed as a variable which can either encourage or hinder the development of interpersonal relationships (in the case of high and low score accordingly), but which does not have such a defining impact on the relationship as more in-depth factors such as beliefs and values do. Hence, it is not reasonable to use language style matching as a predictor in interpersonal relationships.

Current Practice in Project Management an empirical study written by Essay

Current Practice in Project Management an empirical study written by Diana White and Joyce Fortune - Essay Example This essay presents that out of the 995 questionnaires sent to the respondents who belonged from 620 organizations from both public and private sector, only 236 returned for further processing. The data analysis revealed that out of the 16 project types, information technology projects dominated the scene with 25 percent followed by business or organizational change projects with 14 percent. Almost 37 percent of the projects were being carried out for a client organization and the rest were for the host organization. Finance, insurance, and banking sector represented the most number of projects, however, when it came to client organizations transportation, and communication organizations were at the top of the list. The survey appeared to be highly skewed towards large organizations because 66 percent of the respondents identified themselves working for organizations with more than 1000 employees. Most of these projects were huge because a considerable percentage of these projects ha d hundreds of people directly involved. Only 47 percent of the respondents had the title of â€Å"project manager†, however, almost 63 percent did confess regarding managing the project. 43 percent and 33 percent of the respondents stated that they were the main decision makers and they were involved in the decision making process. There was great deal of diversity when it came to project duration because there were projects that lasted only less than 6 months and there were projects, which were stretched out over a period of more than 61 months. (White & Fortune, pp. 2, 2002). Almost 65 percent of these projects were of the duration of 6-24 months. Over 85 percent of the respondents that it was fair for them to classify their projects as successful with six or seven ratings at a scale of 1 to 7 with seven bring highly successful. Budgets, schedule and client requirements were top three criteria for measuring the success of projects. The research also attempted to explore the side effects, whether desirable or undesirable which emerged during or due to the project. Increased business/sales opportunities and greater knowledge of the business were the top two desirable side effects.

Lunching new product in Qatari market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Lunching new product in Qatari market - Essay Example Weaknesses: A major setback for the company is the underlying marketing cost of this product as well as the acceptance of this innovative product by the masses. The market research is prone to validity and reliability issues and even a company with excellent management and marketing personnel, it is feared that not many buyers are actually attracted. Also, since the cost of a PVC sometimes goes up to $400 per cell, the production cost of these cars might exceed the estimated budget. These cars also get extremely heated from the inside and may be prickly to drive (Why to buy a Solar powered Car, n.p.). 4 Opportunities: Solar cars are the most environment friendly cars to use. This factor can be cashed whilst generating a positive word of mouth for the company. Affiliating with organizations that promote Go Green concept can also benefit the new born company. With consumers needs shifting to preferring environment friendly products, this can go into the company’s benefit. Moreover, the economy of Qatar is permeable to new entrants and Smart Solar Cars can survive. 4 Threats: Competitors, both local and international, are an obvious threat. The fear of unsuccessful marketing efforts made to shift Qatari consumers from the conventional cars to solar powered cars, as well as the constant terror of unpredictable recession stay as major threats. 5 The company is named Smart Solar Cars Ltd which is an entirely new brand to be launched in Qatar. The main target market that these cars cater to, are the young individuals, and first time buyers of the car. The company is anticipated to be launched in Qatar in January 2012. The primary mission is to ‘go green’ in the future and save the natural resources to their maximum. The main objective of launching this product is to create awareness amongst people on the usefulness of the solar

Satire Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Satire - Essay Example The Boy-animal brought the news from his spies posted in Washington that shocked Fox and Lion. America planned to destroy a forest area of about 100 sq. miles within its own country, which was known for its flora and fauna and habituated by a rich variety of animals, birds and rare insects. It planned to burn the entire forest to make its intentions clear and to give a crushing blow to the fighting will of the Animal Forum. The forest area was at a distance of about 5-6 miles from one of the important industrial and commercial hub of America with a population of more than a million. The forest was guarded by security and had many observation posts. On orders, all of them vacated their quarters and moved out of the forest area with apprehensions that something unusual was going to happen. The confirmed information was that the attack would take place after 72 hours at 18.00 hrs. The boy-animal reported, â€Å"Army personnel in plainclothes have encircled the area, for every 50 meters , one armed soldier has been posted and all of them at a specified time, will pour gallons of petrol on the borders of the forest and set it on fire. â€Å"Not a fly should escape and not a blade of grass should be left. If any animal tries to escape, open fire! The orders on â€Å"protected species,† are suspended forthwith. I would like to see a heap of ash in this forest area.† This was the order of the Commanding Officer. The fox and the lion huddled together for consultations. The time for resolute action was in the offing. â€Å"Let this country have the taste of the power of our counter-attack.† Fox and the Lion constituted a special task force of animals, and birds to launch an attack on the city a day before the action intended by the American Forces. The orders were â€Å"Each one of you will be given a specified task and the action plan will be delivered to you personally by the Boy-animal at the Forest Guard Resort, which has been vacated by the sec urity personnel. Your responsibilities have been defined and they are in tune with your nature. In addition, the impact of devastation that will happen with your combined and varied attacks would be so horrifying that no human being will ever think of attacking you. On conclusion of the war, await instructions to move to another forest. You will be escorted by bats at night.† The American Operation was codenamed as â€Å"Turn All and Burn All.† The Area Commander of the force had established his temporary headquarters in a Community, a distance of about 1000 meters from the forest. He was assisted by 4 commissioned officers and a platoon of dare-devil commandoes. The soldiers were devils by disposition as compared to their daring! These men had specialized in the art of inflicting cruelty on animals. Everything was ready twenty-four hours before the action would commence. Each soldier was provided with a sealed can of petrol to be emptied on the forest border on getting the signal for action. He would also remain battle-ready to shoot any creature that would try to escape from the forest. Fox had designated the Tiger to attack the commander and his force assisted by four big identical looking wild cats, to confuse the ranks, whether they are being attacked by one tiger or five. With a day to go for the operation, the commander and the soldiers were in a relaxed mood

Emerson :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Emerson was born in Boston, Massachusetts. Emerson graduated from Harvard University at the age of 18 and for the next three years taught school in Boston. In 1825 he entered Harvard Divinity School, and the next year he was certified to preach by the Middlesex Association of Ministers. Even with ill health, Emerson delivered occasional lecture in churches in the Boston area. In 1829 he became minister of the Second Church (Unitarian) of Boston. That same year he married Ellen Tucker, who died 17 months later. On Christmas Day, 1832, he left the United States for a tour of Europe. He stayed for some time in England, where he made the associate of such British literary notables as Walter Savage Landor, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Thomas Carlyle, and William Wordsworth. His meeting with Carlyle marked the beginning of a lifelong friendship.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On his return to the United States in 1833, Emerson settled in Concord, Massachusetts, and became active as a lecturer in Boston. His lectures including â€Å"The Philosophy of History,† â€Å"Human Culture,† â€Å"Human Life,† and â€Å"The Present Age† were based on material in his Journals (published posthumously, 1909-1914), a collection of comments and notes that he had begun while a student at Harvard. Emerson applied these ideas to cultural and logical problems in his 1837 lecture â€Å"The American Scholar,† which he delivered before the Phi Beta Kappa Society of Harvard. In it he called for American intellectual independence. A second address, commonly referred to as the â€Å"Address at Divinity College,† delivered in 1838 to the graduating class of Cambridge Divinity College, produce great controversy because it attacked formal religion and argued for self-reliance and unconscious spiritual experience.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first volume of Emerson's Essays (1841) includes some of his most popular works. It contains History, Self-Reliance, Compensation, Spiritual Laws, Love, Friendship, Prudence, Heroism, The Over-Soul, Circles, Intellect, and Art. The second series of Essays (1844) includes â€Å"The Poet,† â€Å"Manners,† and â€Å"Character.† In it Emerson tempered the hopefulness of the first volume of essays, placing less importance on the self and acknowledging the limitations of real life. Emerson succeeded her as editor in 1842 and remained in that capacity until the journal ceased publication in 1844. In 1846 his first volume of Poems was published (dated, however, 1847).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Emerson again went abroad from 1847 to 1848 and lectured in England, where he was welcomed by Carlyle. Several of Emerson's lectures were later collected in the volume representative men (1850), which contains essays on such figures as Greek philosopher Plato, Swedish philosopher Emanuel Swedenborg, and French writer Michel Eyquem de Montaigne.

A Brief History of the Chinese in the Philippine Essay

According to The History of the Sung Dynasty or Sung Shi, published in 1343-1374, China already had trade relations with the people in the Philippines as early as the tenth century (AD 982) (Miclat, 2000). By the time of the Sung Dynasty (860-1127), Chinese colonies were already founded in some towns by the coast. During the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) , colonies were already found in the hinterlands (Agoncillo, 1990). When the Spanish arrived in Manila in 1571 the resident population of Chinese in the area was around one hundred and fifty. Many of them were traders in Chinese merchant ships. The Chinese said they were seng-li (or xang lai), which meant â€Å"we are traders† (Gardner). The Spanish eventually called them Sangley, which is derived from the Hokkien word seng-di or seng-li meaning â€Å"business† (Mempin, 2009). The Chinese established themselves near Spanish communities, taking on important roles as food providers, retail traders and artisans. The Spanish soon became dependent on the Chinese economically; after all, they provided many of the goods shipped to Europe through Mexico by the Manila galleon trade . However, because of cultural differences, there were also mutual feelings of distrust. There came a time when the population of Chinese outnumbered the Spanish, who were afraid that they would revolt (Wickberg, 1964). Because of this, in 1582, the Spanish required the Chinese to live in a walled compound called the Parian, which soon became the commercial center of the area (Gardner). By the sixteenth century, there was a royal order for all Chinese to be expelled from the Philippines and the Parian , evacuated. However, Governor Dasmarinas knew that the City of Manila, which was the largest Spanish settlement, were dependent on the Chinese for economic services. Governor Dasmarinas bought some land across the river from the walled city of Intramuros and turned it over to a group of known Chinese merchants and artisans, for the purpose of creating a new Chinese settlement. The intention was to formally obey the royal order, while at the same time, making sure that the Chinese would continue to provide good and services for the Spanish. The land grant was tax-free and given in perpetuity. This settlement came to be known as Binondo. In the beginning, there were no religious or cultural issues involved, but when the Spanish Dominican priests were assigned to Binondo, they turned it into a community of married Catholic Chinese and their. By the year 1600, the population was around five hundred or more, and the first generation of mestizos (mixed Chinese-native ancestry) had appeared (Wickberg, 1964). In time, Binondo came to be known as the community of Chinese and Chinese mestizos who had been baptized and converted to Catholicism, and Parian was where the n0n-Catholic Chinese lived. In the nineteenth century, there was a mass emigration of Chinese into other parts of the world as a result of wars, starvation, corruption and civil unrest in mainland China. This was called the â€Å"Chinese Diaspora†. Most of these Chinese who went overseas came from maritime provinces like Fujian, Guangdong and Hainan (Overseas Chinese, 2008). In the Philippines, most of the Chinese who immigrated in the second half of the nineteenth century came from Fujian on the southeastern coast of China (Dolan, 1991). One of these sub-provinces of Fujian is Xiamen, also commonly known as Amoy. The term Amoy became known when Xiamen became a treaty port after the 1st Opium War (1839-42), and is thought to have come from the island’s name â€Å"Ah Mo† in the local dialect (Brown, 2007). In those days, it was common for newly baptized Chinese immigrants to incorporate his baptismal sponsor’s name after his own. Let us take, for instance, the case of Don Pedro Gotiaco who is the ancestor of today’s wealthy Gokongwei clan. When he was baptized, Don Pedro’s baptismal sponsor was Don Mariano Singson, from a well-known mestizo family. Don Pedro incorporated his sponsor’s name into his own, which was commonly done those days. The sponsor or â€Å"padrino† was considered a necessary protector for a new immigrant like Don Pedro.

Privacy, Time Orientation, And Gender Roles - 1486 Words

While reading chapter 4 of our textbook, I found a few subjects that interest me greatly. I found the topic of privacy, time orientation, and gender roles interesting. I believe I found privacy and time orientation to be interesting because it’s not typical subjects. The topic of gender roles has always interested me because women are treated differently in every culture. The vast reasons for the treatment of women in cultures also interest me because they all differ within cultures. The topic of privacy interests me because everyone perceives privacy differently. Growing up, I had a lot spatial privacy, and I didn’t realize this until it was pointed out by a friend of a different culture. The door to my room was always shut and I didn’t know that this was considered privacy. When my friend came to visit, she informed me that she didn’t have a door to her room. The fact that she didn’t have a door to her room was absurd to me. I would have never thought that some children didn’t’ have a door or weren’t allowed to close their door. I also had a lot of physical privacy growing up. My parents would never hug or kiss me if I didn’t want them to. I didn’t realize this was considered a type of privacy until reading chapter 4 in the text. After reading the text, I now understand why some cultures show more affection towards their children than others. I always thought that parents who didn’t hug and k iss their children simply didn’t love them, but I learned that they could beShow MoreRelatedAttraction, Gender Roles, and Homosexuality: an Analysis of Brokeback Mountain1306 Words   |  6 PagesAttraction, Gender Roles, and Homosexuality: An Analysis of Brokeback Mountain Professor Frattaroli P118D: Winter 2011 Introduction In this paper, I will identify examples from the film Brokeback Mountain that exemplify concepts of human sexuality – specifically, attraction; gender roles and socialization; and sexual orientation – in attempts to discuss the accurate portrayal of the concept within the scene, in concordanceRead MoreA Daunting Introduction during Office Orientations711 Words   |  3 Pages Orientation is an interesting read but brings up serious moral questions when it comes to personal privacy in the work place. The premise of the story involves the narrator walking the reader through an office orientation. 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