Homosexual Victims of the Holocaust Essay - 1375 Words

Homosexual Victims of the Holocaust (Essay Sample) Content: NameLecturerCourseDateHomosexual Victims of the HolocaustIntroductionThe Holocaust is a term that refers to the orchestrated murder of in excess of six million Jews in Europe led by Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist Party (Nazi) during World War II. More than eleven million men, women and children succumbed between 1933 and 1945. Of these marginal groups which included homosexuals were highly targeted. Over fifteen thousand homosexuals were put into concentration camps and later persecuted because they were seen as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"undesirablesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ who did not meet the ideals to create Aryan offspring. Up to 100,000 homosexuals were imprisoned under Paragraph 175 of the German Penal code and most were strategically got rid of while those who survived became subject to post à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ war persecution and struggled to identify as holocaust victims. Research into murders of homosexuals is hard enough since data that exists is mostly scant and unreliable while many records were destroyed. To understand this commonly undisclosed aspect of the holocaust we will need to understand the events leading up to the Nazi persecution and atrocities at the concentration camps.Legalization of HomosexualityHomosexuality had been legalized in some states of early 19th century Germany when it was still a loose confederation of separate individual states. Prussia however upheld laws illegalizing homosexuality punishing it with flogging or imprisonment. King Wilhelm upon emerging victorious in the Franco à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ Prussian war reversed this legalization towards the harsh Prussian laws as seen in Paragraph 175 which outlawed "lewd and unnatural behavior" punishing it with jail sentences varying from one day to five years. Despite the laws, between two hundred and three hundred men were thrown in Jail every year for violation of Paragraph 175. In 1895, Berlin had a population of 2.5 million, advertised drag balls openly in straight media, had forty gay b ars and from police reports, close to 2000 hustlers. In the year 1905, publications on homosexuality numbered 320. Certain groups publicly were in support of gay rights among them the Social Democratic Workingmenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Party which was founded on Marx and Engelà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s principles.A blow was dealt on the gay movement when Prince Philip zu Eulenburg together with prominent government men were embroiled in a gay scandal in 1907 which was sensationalized into a witch hunt by newspapers. There were libel suits, trials and suicides which all led to a downfall in gay organizations memberships. This was also due to a testimony that Hirschfeld gave describing one of the men on trial as displaying "typical identifiable homosexual characteristics.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ In 1919 the Institute for Sexual Science was set up by Hirschfeld in Berlin Germany which soon held twenty thousand volumes and a sizeable staff to offer counsel to gays and provide education to society regarding homosexuality. Soon other gay organizations were set up which included a community center for gays and a committee dedicated to coordination of their efforts on law reforms. Hirschfeld who was gay as well as Jewish was later assaulted by anti à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ Semites who claimed to have disfigured his moth to the extent that he could not be kissed by any of his disciples. He was attacked again in the same year by Nazis who leaving him with a fractured skull. Fascism continued to thrive when showings of pro à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ film "Different from Others" inspired by Hirschfeld were actively interrupted by the fascists. Such an incident occurred in Vienna in the year 1923 when fascists shot and injured several audience members. An anti à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ gay message was officially released by the National Socialist Party which condemned homosexuality on May 14, 1993. The tide almost swung in favor of homosexuals when the Reichstag Committee abolished all homosexual crimes by a vote of fifteen to fourteen in 1928, how ever before the law was effected the stock market crashed in 1929 and the Nazis were swept into power after tabling of the bill.Persecution of GuyThe persecution of gay men and started in Germany in around the 1930s and like that of Jews was the worst in their respective histories (Zierler 46-57). Lesbians were not targeted because they could bear children. Homosexual persecution by the Nazi begun earlier than those of Jews with the murders of Ernest Rohm and some other "brown shirts" who were in SA, a paramilitary group although the main reason was to root out a group that would rival the SS (Melita 237). The "brown shirts" were Rohmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s militia consisting of undisciplined soldiers coming from the city slums. Even though some of the Nazis identified as gay it was still dangerous to assume that they tolerated homosexuality which is a case well illustrated to what happened to Rohm. Rohm was a well known Nazi leader second only to Hitler and him and the "brown shirts" were no t a problem to Hitler at first but were later viewed as an embarrassment. Hitler knew of Rohmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s orientation at least by 1927 as he did that of other Nazis among them Edmund Heines, La Paz and Karl Ernst who attributed their services and promotions to Rohm. Since Hitler did not command an army bigger than Rohmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s, his rival neither could he maintain power without his help, he wisely chose to defend Rohm by stating that his private life was of no concern unless it violated basic principles and ideologies of the National Socialist. Led by Himmler and other officers of the SA, Rohm and his counterparts were murdered without warning at the instigation of Hitler. This persecution begun on June 30, 1934 and the night it started was dubbed "The Night of Long Knives.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Soon after, a law was passed that mandated all homosexuals, epileptics, schizophrenics, hysterics, those born blind and malformed as well as drug addicts to be sterilized. In actual practice how ever, gay men were castrated. In preparation for the Olympics, grounds on which gay meetings were held were raided as part of a clean à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ up process and captured homosexuals were rounded up in a concentration camp. Activities purported by the League of Human Rights which was started by Hirschfeld were all abolished together with the gay emancipation movement.Nazià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s View Point and Policies against HomosexualityOf importance in this context are the Nazi viewpoints and policies which represent the heterosexual ideology. Proffesor Max Von Gruber of Munich University strongly condemns homosexuality and masturbation citing that sexual intercourse should take place within marriage between a woman and a man and that the intent of marriage is for procreation on which National growth depended (Gruber 123). To promote heterosexuality in Nazi Germany, Goring offered quick promotions to those civil servants who got married early. Women were offered "Matrimonial Credits" as an i ncentive to procreation. Interest free loans were issued under this new system with a twenty five percen...

Maslow s Hierarchy Of Need - 1776 Words

The reasons why an individual decides to purchase an item are numerous and complicated. It may be because of personal need, desire, or even peer pressure, but whatever the reason, it cannot necessarily be predicted on a large scale. One person’s reasoning will be totally different to another person’s, and an individual may even come to a different decision on a different day depending upon many criteria. Abraham Maslow, (1943) provided a new theory of the hierarchy of need, as detailed in his paper A Theory of Human Motivation. In this, Maslow described that at an individual level, people are motivated to fore fill certain basic needs. Once one need has been accomplished, there is a human desire to continue and look to achieve another†¦show more content†¦This may help in the re-launch of an updated product, such as the Nike Pegasus Trainer, which is now on version 31 (Nike 2015), but may not help when launching a totally new product to the market. It can be seen in Figure 5.2 that there are many factors that can influence a buyer’s decision process. One way to ensure a positive outcome for a new product is via celebrity endorsements. This type of marketing can be successful, as the consumer thinks that they are buying into a piece of the celebrity lifestyle, and achieving the esteem need of Maslow’s hierarchy. There is also a down side as the desire to own an item required to fore fill this need can come at the cost of common decency and respect. This was demonstrated at the launch of a limited edition Michael Jordon gym shoe (ESPN 2011), where the release was marred by violence and vandalism, just so that consumers can say they â€Å"own† a piece of Michael Jordon’s lifestyle. The prediction of a consumer’s personal traits or preferences is very difficult to get right, as it involves many different variables. This is illustrated by the Wheel of Consumer Behaviour devised by Solomon, Bamossy, Askegaard, Hogg (2010), shown in figure 5.3. In order for a company to make a success of a product, they must be able to account for all the possible decisions and outcomes made by a prospective consumer. The successful planning and anticipation of the desired market needs canShow MoreRelatedMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1741 Words   |  7 PagesMaslow’s hierarchy of needs and Herzberg’s. The Maslow’s hierarchy of needs include five levels, and at the certain extent, reflect the rule of human s activities on psychological and behavior. Herzberg’ describe the more details of worker agree or disagree about working. In this essay, more related knowledge details and effects will de described, then, analysis the two theories individual, ch oose a better one. II. Describe the two theories. 2.1Maslow’s hierarchy of needs The Maslow’s hierarchy of needsRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1536 Words   |  7 Pagesunderstanding of how to motivate different personality types. In the research I am going to compare Maslow’s hierarchy of needs against Lawrence and Nohira’s 4 drive theory in an attempt to better understand their possible uses inside an organizational structure. Let’s first take a look a look at the two theories before discussing their potential benefit. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. We need to keep in mind that Maslow’s field was phycology, so his research was done from a medical viewpoint more soRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1524 Words   |  7 PagesSummary of Maslow’s The Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow developed the theories of motivation because he felt that the sophistication of human behavior could not be portrayed through reinforcement or rewards. 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After achieving his Masters in Psychology, Maslow moved back to Brooklyn and started teaching at a school there. â€Å"One of the many interesting things Maslow noticedRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs982 Words   |  4 PagesAbraham Maslow was one of the most influential and important educational psychologists and is recognized by many for his theory on mankind’s hierarchy of needs. Maslow’s theory which is known as â€Å"Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs† is best explained as a pyramid of needs that we as humans must meet in order to progress to another stage of needs. There are five stages in the pyramid of needs and they go as follows: physiological, safety, love and belongingness, esteem, and finally self-actualization. MaslowRead MoreMaslow s The Hierarchy Of Needs1769 Words   |  8 Pages Summary of Maslow’s The Hierarchy of Needs Jennifer Thompson Arkansas Tech University Author Note This individual research paper is being submitted on October 13, 2014 for Loretta Cochran’s Management [BUAD 3123] course. â€Æ' Summary of Maslow’s The Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow developed the theories of motivation because he felt that the sophistication of human behavior could not be portrayed through reinforcement or rewards. He felt that human action were directed toward realizationRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1498 Words   |  6 Pagesjust want to survive in life they want to flourish. Maslow s hierarchy of needs explains to us a ranking of needs for most essential to the least. While the interactionist point of view explains how humans are social creatures and social interaction is just as important as all of the other needs listed on Maslow’s Model. Maslow s hierarchy of needs is a ranking of needs for most essential to the least. Corrections Today explains that Abraham Maslow was an American psychologist born in New York, heRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1846 Words   |  8 PagesAbraham Maslow developed the Hierarchy of needs (HON) to try and explain human psychological developments and how these manifest themselves into a worker’s life. We will explore some issues brought up by the model and why it may lack a certain the degree of unification and how it could potentially work better if entwined with other views. Motivation is the â€Å"word derived from the word ’motive’ It’s the process of stimulating people to actions to accomplish the goals† (guide, 2017) Also, MaslowRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs Essay1527 Words   |  7 Pages This international technology company demands strong motivation, stupendous leadership and great understanding between workers. Leaders need to create willingness amongst the employees to operate at their highest potential; this willingness is referred to as motivation. This report is based on a content/needs theory of motivation (Maslow’s hierarchy of needs). It consists of two pieces of primary research on the theory. The first one summarises worker motivation on selected construction sites inRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1388 Words   |  6 Pages Abraham Maslow was an American philosopher who was born in the early 1990 s in Brooklyn, New York. He was one of the leading theorists that promoted humanistic psychology during his era. Maslow sought to understand what motivates and inspires individuals. He theorized that individuals possess and hold a group of motivation and incentive systems not related to plunder or insensible desires. Maslow declared that people are motivated and provoked to attain certain needs. When one need is fulfilled

Ray Charles Addiction - 827 Words

Ray Charles was suffering from substance abuse disorder. Substance disorder is defined as a complex behavioral disorder characterized by preoccupation with obtaining alcohol or other drugs (AOD) and a narrowing of the behavioral repertoire towards excessive consumption and loss of control over consumption. It is usually also accompanied by the development of tolerance and withdrawal and impairment in social and occupational functioning. Ray Charles continued substance abuse caused fights at home, problems with the law, and also problems with music performances, and holding record labels. Ray Charles Would keep his drug habit away from home as much as he could but he would constantly fight with his wife about his drug use increasing and†¦show more content†¦Therefore, the counselor needs to be someone that has a personality and willing to listen to Ray and his stories. The therapist needs to approach Ray as a human and not a client. This will let Ray open up to him/her and will allow for Ray to get deeper and deeper into his reasons of his drug addiction. The first treatment that the therapist should enforce on Ray is inpatient treatment. Inpatient treatment will allow him to be able to withdraw from the drug and not have the ability to relapse quickly. Performing on the road was his introduction to his drug addiction; therefore, he needed a break from the road to fully recover. While in inpatient treatment he will have one-on-one counseling as well as group counseling. During his one-on-one counseling the therapist will include role playing. Ray Charles should role play talking to his mom and expressing his feelings that he couldn’t express at the age 7 when his brother died. Ray carried the blame of his brother dying from childhood to his adulthood without telling anyone how he felt at the time of the event. Therefore, the role-playing will let out all the hurt, blame, and uneasiness that were felt at that time. The therapist will act as the mother and Ray will be allowed to dig deep in his inner feelings so that there will n ot be any need to long for drugs. After this measure has been applied the therapist will then focus on the future of Ray Charles life. InShow MoreRelatedEssay about Ray Charles Robinson1095 Words   |  5 PagesRay Charles Robinson Ray Charles Robinson, more commonly known as Ray Charles (to avoid confusion with boxer Sugar Ray Robinson), was born in the southern city of Albany, GA on September 23, 1930. He was a prolific, multi-talented singer, pianist, bandleader, and composer who, when on stage captivated his audience not only by his musical ability, but also because he was a blind, African American man. He was given the nickname â€Å"the Genius† for his capability of combining the musicRead More The Legendary Musician, Ray Charles Robinson Essay532 Words   |  3 PagesThe Legendary Musician, Ray Charles Robinson Ray Charles Robinson was born on September 23, 1930 in Albany Georgia. His father was Bailey Robinson, a railroad repair man, and his mother was Retha. His father never married his mother. His legal wife was Mary Jane, who also helped to raise Charles. By the time he was three, young Charles was learning to play the piano. When he was five his brother, who was three at the time, drowned. A few months later Charles got the disease that wouldRead MoreEssay about Ray Charles2718 Words   |  11 PagesRay Charles   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ray Charles was a revolutionary pianist and a soul singer who helped shape the sound of rhythm and blues. He brought a soulful sound to everything from country music to pop standards to â€Å"God Bless America.† His birth name was Ray Charles Robinson, but he shortened it when he entered show business to avoid confusion with the famous boxer Sugar Ray Robinson. I chose Ray Charles as the topic for my paper after seeing the movie Ray. After viewing this film I realized that thereRead Moresonnys blues1309 Words   |  6 Pagesown pain and made that pai into a book . In Sonny s blues he explains the struggles in the black community ,family,and drug addiction. In Sonny s blues many major point stand out to me the most . One of the main points is why Sonny decided that drugs would be his escape from his struggles .The second point is the relationship between the brothers and how Sonny s addiction to drugs affected it . The third point is the narrator actually understanding his brothers reasons for taking drugs and actuallyRead MoreRay Charles2786 Words   |  12 PagesRay Charles The Life and Legacy of a Genius Ray Charles was a revolutionary pianist and a soul singer who helped shape the sound of rhythm and blues. He brought a soulful sound to everything from country music to pop standards to God Bless America. His birth name was Ray Charles Robinson, but he shortened it when he entered show business to avoid confusion with the famous boxer Sugar Ray Robinson. I chose Ray Charles as the topic for my paper after seeing the movie Ray. AfterRead MoreAnorexia Nervosa As A Pathological Fear Of Gaining Weight1195 Words   |  5 Pagesmedical illness and reported two adolescent cases (One female and one male). He describes it as wasting away due to emotional turmoil. In the year 1874, two physicians introduced anorexia nervosa as a clinical diagnosis. These two physicians are Charles Lasà ¨gue, of France, and English physician, Sir William Gull. In their clinical reports, it was clear that Gull and Lasà ¨gue had different views on the condition, yet both defined it as a â€Å"nervous† disease distinguished by self-starvation. Gull wasRead MoreEssay On Nikola Tesla1458 Words   |  6 Pagestwice as many exams as were required. However, over the course of the next two years, he lost his scholarship and could no longer afford to attend due to a gambling addiction. Tesla never graduated from Austrian Polytechnic Institute, and by 1878, he started work as a draftsman in Slovenia and continued to suffer from his gambling addiction. Shortly afterwards, he dissociated with his family because he did not want them to know he dropped out of school. Worried, Tesla’s father, Milutin, visited himRead MoreThe Billy Joel964 Words   |  4 Pagesreleased two more albums that acquired a #1 position on the US charts. 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Disability Essay Example For Students

Disability Essay In todays society men have an attraction towards skinny women. The most gorgeous super models are thin and when other girls look at them, they get jealous. Many girls see this, and view themselves as being overweight and have a complex and a desire, which is to be skinny, this disease is called Anorexia. Anorexia is a disease, which affects mostly women and sometimes men. Anorexia is when you think you are fat, and you deprive yourself of food in order to be skinny. They see themselves as being fat and want to strive to be better than the norm, and by that, being as skinny as possible. The glamorous women are skinny and we see this everywhere in movies, fashion shows, television, magazines etc Lennard Davis describes normalcy as Each of us endeavors to be normal or else deliberates tries to avoid that state. (p47 Davis) We humans do everything by comparison, whether it be comparisons between cars, weight, looks, money, and pretty much anything else you can think of. Mostly all us strive to be better than normal. Anorexia is a disease, which exists when a person has a goal, a goal to look better than anyone else does. They see themselves as being fat and want to strive to be better than the norm, and by that, being as skinny as possible. The glamorous women are skinny and we see this everywhere in movies, fashion shows, television, magazines etc Lennard Davis describes normalcy as Each of us endeavors to be normal or else deliberates tries to avoid that state. (p47 Davis) We humans do everything by comparison, whether it be comparisons between cars, weight, looks, money, and pretty much anything else you can think of. Mostly all us strive to be better than normal. Anorexia is a disease, which exists when a person has a goal, a goal to look better than anyone else does. Anorexia in itself is a disability because they are unable to function like a normal person should. Their bodies physically deteriorate and they have a complex that is practically incurable. Anorexia physically ruins your skin because you are not consuming any oils and the skin dries out. With prolong Anorexia, females are prone to losing their ability to give birth because of malnutrition. Mentally it kills you because all you think about is how you look, and looks arent that important in comparison to your personality. It is called the incurable disease because once someone has this complex they can never really let they eat a fatty food, or ever see them even a pound heavier than they are. When my sister was Anorexic, her doctor asked her, What would you do if I forced you to eat a Burger King french fry? She responded Id kill myself. At one point she weighed 97 pounds, and was 5 feet 10 inches tall. My sister fortunately has technically been cured because she eats normally but she still watches what she eats extremely carefully. Any bell curve will always have at its extremities those characteristics that deviate from the norm. So, with the concept of the norm comes the concept of deviations or extremes. When we think of bodies, in a society where the concept of the norm is operative, then people with disabilities will be thought of as deviants. This, as we have seen, is in contrast to societies with the concept of an ideal, in which all people have a non-ideal status (Davis, p29) Davis is saying that there are many people who are considered normal and want to be better than that. Anorexia deals with this because girls feel they have to be skinny in order to be beautiful. Beautiful as in being prettier than average women are. They want to be the ideal but then they stray away from it as they get into the extremes cases of anorexic they go toward the non-ideal situation. Ideology plays a big part in this because with anorexia the girls strive to be skinny, and this is their ideal situation. With anorexia they get to their ideal stage and still have a complex of thinking they are fat. They go far beyond they ideal stage and then the disease takes them far beyond their desired state and get into an acute situation. Technology and the Future of Work Essay In my sisters situation it became so severe that she had to put in a hospital and had to be fed intravenously. She weighed 97 pounds and was 510 at her worst. Anorexia is also caused by a stigma. We ask why does a person become Anorexic? One way a person may become anorexic is by them being alienated, or mentally abused due to their obesity. Having a stigma hurts a lot and sometimes people must take extreme measures in order to fight the stigma and get on with their normal life. As Goffman says, society categorizes people and when people get into a category they are not happy with they tend to repent and reform. By reforming means whatever they much do to get themselves happy with themselves and more importantly society. Although anorexia is not always a complex that has to do with someone striving to be skinny, it may just be a chemical imbalance or depression that can cause this aswell. Society establishes the means of categorizing persons and the complement of attributes felt to be ordinary and natural for members of each of these categories. .

Pestle Analysis Essay Example

Pestle Analysis Paper Just to the person at the top of the enterprise. Increasingly general management responsibility is shared. All members of the management team and the organization need to appreciate how their actions contribute to the overall success of the enterprise. Instead of focusing on a particular functional area (e. G. Finance, operations, marketing, accounting, etc. ), this course provides you with a process for problem- solving and decision-making that requires you to build on, integrate, and apply the knowledge gained from those disciplines in order to develop an overall general management perspective. Because strategic issues are characterized by ambiguity, complexity and uncertainty, this course is as much about asking the right questions s it is about having the right answers. We will reach consensus on some issues, yet many among you will have differing interpretations on the most appropriate course of action. Such is the nature of strategy issues. Those of you with the need to reach the right answer may find yourself frustrated by the lack of definitive answers and multitude of reasonable courses of action. This is a reflection of the real world! The course covers analytical tools and conceptual frameworks that aid in the development of Judgment. We will write a custom essay sample on Pestle Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Pestle Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Pestle Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The primary objective of the course is to develop expertise in formulating (analysis) and implementing (action) strategy. Although the course progresses from formulation to implementation, one cannot presume to fully understand strategy formulation without the realization of what it takes to implement strategic change. Ultimately strategic choices represent a tension between what an organization needs to do given its competitive and market environment, what it can do given its resources and capabilities, and what it wants to do given the values and preferences of key stakeholders. The overarching framework that guides this course is provided below. The flow of the course is sequenced around this framework. PESTLE Analysis Essay Example PESTLE Analysis Paper The external business environment is elaborated using the PESTLE Analysis. The PESTLE Analysis entails political, environmental, socio-cultural, technological, economic and legal factors. Political factors: Toasts operations in the US are affected by political factors like government policies. For example, the government policy is that all foreign companies must hire USA citizens to reduce the high rate of unemployment in the county. Furthermore, Toyota suffers from the high taxes levied by the IIS government to protect local automobile firms from foreign competition. Economic factors: the taxation lulls, economic trends, the economic slowdown and recession affect business operations of Toyota. The above makes Toyota forced to change its operation such as recruitment policy to avoid losses during recession (Cannon Olivares, 2010). Socio-cultural factors: Toyota must meet the demands and needs of the customers in the automobile industry because their tastes and preferences change very often. The rising rates of unemployment have forced consumers to purchase more economic vehicles that use fuel efficiently. Technological factors: the US government has invested heavily in technology velveteen, information and communication, Innovations and research funding. There is a fast change in technological environment among the customers that call for Toyota to embrace technological advancement and hire skilled employees to cope up with the change so as to compete with the rivals. Environmental factors: the US government is keen on environmental conservation via the Vehicle Pollution and Control Act 1970 and the Clean Air Act. Toyota must comply with the above laws in order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. We will write a custom essay sample on PESTLE Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on PESTLE Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on PESTLE Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Legal factors: Toyota must comply with the strict intellectual property laws and taxation laws in USA. The company must follow ethical practices where all employees are treated equally without discrimination. The internal business analysis of Toyota The internal business environment of Toyota is analyzed using SOOT analysis that entails the strength, weakness, opportunity, and threat Strengths: Toyota is a leading automobile manufacturer due to its strong brand name, good competitive advantage and production. It has invested heavily in research and development, Just-in-Time and Total Quality Management production line. The above has given the company a loyal customer base. Toyota manufactures high-quality products that satisfy the customers. Weakness: there are few assembling plants in LISA leading to low production capacity. Also, Toyota has poor product differentiation. Opportunity: Toyota should embrace the new hybrid technology by competing with Honda Civic Hybrid model. The hybrid technology will give Toyota a competitive advantage. The company should take advantage of the rise in fuel tax by manufacturing models that consume low fuel. Threat: there is a Constant shift in consumer taste and the emergence of substitute vehicle products. Besides, there is market saturation and stiff competition in the automobile industry. Furthermore, the inconsistency of the exchange rate FORE affects Toasts profitability (Hines, Found, Griffith Harrison, 201 1). Porters five forces analysis The Porters five forces analysis entails the threat of new entrants, the bargaining power of suppliers, the threat of substitutes, the bargaining power of customers and the nature of competition. First of all, Toyota faces a high threat of substitute products such as train service and bus transport. Secondly, the suppliers have a low bargaining power due to the presence of few firms in the market. Besides, there is a low threat of new entrants cause it requires a huge capital. On top of that, the customers have a high bargaining power due to availability of several car brands in the market. Last but not least, Toyota faces less competition in the automobile industry. Toyota uses value chain analysis to gain competitive advantage. The efficient Production Systems (T AS) traces the value chain analysis. Moreover, Toyota uses lean manufacturing process to improve the quality and reduce wastage (Monde, 2011). The internal and external business environment of Apple The internal business analysis of Apple Strengths: Apple has a strong and well-established brand name due to its laity products. The company is innovative and regularly comes up with new products and ideas. Besides, it has a strong research and development, financial vitality and customer loyalty. Weaknesses: One of the weaknesses of Apple is its poor relationship with Intel and Microsoft. Also, its products are sold at a higher price compared to rivals making it hard for customers with low income to access their products. On top of that, Apple has small product life cycle and technological complications (Has, 2013). Opportunities: The mobile industry is growing fast, and Apple should manufacture new products. The company should take advantage of its technological innovation by developing strong position in the market. Also, Apple should take advantage of the rapidly growing online store. Lastly, it should improve warranty program and reduce prices in order to beat the rivals. Threats: Apple faces stiff and fierce competition from the rivals. Also, the economic crises will impact the sales of Apple negatively. Furthermore, the profitability of tunes (online store) is affected by free downloading of videos and music. Apple uses value chain analysis to gain competitive advantage over the rivals. Its rodents are in developed in USA and the software and hardware products assembled in China. The products are of high quality compared to those of the rivals. The final products are distributed via outbound logistics. The external business environment of Apple Political factors: The governments in most countries regulate business operations. The prices of Apples product will rise because the VAT rate in countries such as the UK is going up. Economic factors: The spending patterns of consumers have changed due to global economic downturn. The inflation, consumer spending and interest rate affects Apple. Socio-cultural factors: The current generation of 21st century consumers has a strong passion for new innovative technology. Apple must consider the culture, religion, population growth rate and lifestyle of consumers because it will affect its operations. Technological factors: The young consumers are attracted to the latest technologies. Apple must move on to recent and new technology and be updated to avoid being obsolete because there is a fast change in technology. Environmental factors: The awareness of environment conservation will force Apple to use environment-friendly materials to avoid pollution. Apple has to consider packing its products in materials that can be recycled because most governments are keen on green production and control of environment pollution. Legal: The new legal laws on employment, health, regulatory bodies, safety and trading policies affects Apples operations. The company must comply with them. Porters five forces First of all, Apple faces a high threat of substitute products such as train service and bus transport. Secondly, the suppliers have a high bargaining power because there are several firms that ARQ Eire their services. Furthermore, there is a high threat of new entrants because small capital is squired to establish a company. Moreover, the customers have a high bargaining power due to availability of many electronics in the market. Last but not least, Apple faces high competition in the electronics industry due to the presence Of several rivals. Apple Uses value chain analysis to gain competitive advantage. The company differentiates its product from the rivals to create a premium product with a premium price. The efficient Production Systems (TAPS) traces the value chain analysis. Moreover, Apple uses lean manufacturing process to improve the quality and reduce wastage. Also, Apple maximizes on research and development to stay ahead of the rivals (Average, 2013). Apple has been able to differentiate itself from competitors even though when the industry has a huge competitiveness. Apple verifies the effectiveness of its strategies by examining the link between the objectives and plans of achieving them through innovation. It continuously checks whether the strategy is meeting the targets by evaluating the performance and use of resources. The measurement guideline of Apple is effective since it uses the resources allocated according to the plan to deliver the expected results. On the other hand, Toyota verifies the effectiveness of its strategies by developing measurable strategies, measuring the variables and implementing the objectives. Additionally, the performance is contain joyously evaluated and reviewed. The measurement guideline of Toyota is effective because the customers are provided with products just in time. Conclusion Toyota and Apple are successful organizations due to their compliance with the internal and external business environment. Furthermore, they have good business strategies that have given them a competitive advantage over the rivals.

Essay on Talking Styles

Essay on Talking Styles Essay on Talking Styles Essay on Talking StylesA novel approach to assessing whether people are paying significant attention to each other is language matching. According to the findings of the research team headed by James Pennebaker and Molly Ireland, the degree of similarity in the patterns of use of function words (such as pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, negations and articles) is a significant predictor of the attentiveness of people towards each other (Science News, 2010). Experimental data prove that the chances for romantic relationships and for generally good connection between people increase in the presence of strong language matching.According to Pennebaker (2014), language matching score can be used to estimate the quality of interpersonal communications. Language matching score is a number ranging from 0.5 to 1, where score of 0.5 denotes the lowest degree of language matching and 1 denotes the highest degree of language matching (Pennebaker, 2014). Pennebaker (2014) states that higher l anguage style matching scores are associated with higher quality of relationships as well as higher longevity.For assessing language style matching, I selected an everyday conversation with the help of instant messages between me and my colleague with whom we were volunteering together. Our gender is the same, and I am 10 years younger. In general, we went along quite well and it was expected that the language matching score would be high. However, the resulting language matching score was only 0.62, which is below average. According to Pennebaker (2014), typical language matching scores fall in the range between 0.75 and 0.95, with average score being 0.84. In my opinion, the resulting language matching score was too low; most likely, it was decreased by the differences in age and social status. However, these factors did not have a significant impact on getting along with the colleague; therefore, the results of language matching are notably biased.The degree of language matching depends on a variety of factors such as age and social position of the people participating in the conversation, their relatedness, the type of communication analyzed, the genre of communication chosen by every person, etc. Therefore, it cannot be viewed as a direct predictor of the quality of interpersonal relationships.According to Cigoli Gennari (2010), language style score is rather a marker of social engagement as a marker of attraction between people. In particular, people who are intensively arguing with each other are likely to have similar language styles (Science News, 2010). Furthermore, people from similar background are likely to have similar language styles even if their personalities are quite different and if they do not get along well. Hence, language matching reflects rather the extent of social similarity between people rather than the level of attraction between them (Cigoli Gennari, 2010).In my opinion, language style matching is one of the factors which might influence the quality of interpersonal relationships. The use of language and the similarity of meanings that people put into their words play an important role in the process of building relationships. The smoother the communication between people is, the easier it will be for them to understand each other and to build a connection.At the same time, language style matching should not be viewed as a definitive predictor of the quality of interpersonal relationships. In other words, if two people have low language style matching scores, this does not necessarily mean that they are not paying attention to each other or that they cannot build a relationship. The couples where the spouses are of different origin and speak different languages can be used to illustrate the idea that language matching is not the core variable for building relationships.Although research shows that it is in general more difficult for such couples to understand each other (Cigoli Gennari, 2010), there do e xist successful examples showing that the presence of shared values, goals and feelings for each other is more fundamental for relationships than language style matching. Therefore, language style matching score can be viewed as a variable which can either encourage or hinder the development of interpersonal relationships (in the case of high and low score accordingly), but which does not have such a defining impact on the relationship as more in-depth factors such as beliefs and values do. Hence, it is not reasonable to use language style matching as a predictor in interpersonal relationships.

Current Practice in Project Management an empirical study written by Essay

Current Practice in Project Management an empirical study written by Diana White and Joyce Fortune - Essay Example This essay presents that out of the 995 questionnaires sent to the respondents who belonged from 620 organizations from both public and private sector, only 236 returned for further processing. The data analysis revealed that out of the 16 project types, information technology projects dominated the scene with 25 percent followed by business or organizational change projects with 14 percent. Almost 37 percent of the projects were being carried out for a client organization and the rest were for the host organization. Finance, insurance, and banking sector represented the most number of projects, however, when it came to client organizations transportation, and communication organizations were at the top of the list. The survey appeared to be highly skewed towards large organizations because 66 percent of the respondents identified themselves working for organizations with more than 1000 employees. Most of these projects were huge because a considerable percentage of these projects ha d hundreds of people directly involved. Only 47 percent of the respondents had the title of â€Å"project manager†, however, almost 63 percent did confess regarding managing the project. 43 percent and 33 percent of the respondents stated that they were the main decision makers and they were involved in the decision making process. There was great deal of diversity when it came to project duration because there were projects that lasted only less than 6 months and there were projects, which were stretched out over a period of more than 61 months. (White & Fortune, pp. 2, 2002). Almost 65 percent of these projects were of the duration of 6-24 months. Over 85 percent of the respondents that it was fair for them to classify their projects as successful with six or seven ratings at a scale of 1 to 7 with seven bring highly successful. Budgets, schedule and client requirements were top three criteria for measuring the success of projects. The research also attempted to explore the side effects, whether desirable or undesirable which emerged during or due to the project. Increased business/sales opportunities and greater knowledge of the business were the top two desirable side effects.